Mphumu ndi matenda omwe amayambitsa kutupa kwa nthawi yayitali (kosatha) m'njira zanu zopumira. Kutupa kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti achitepo kanthu pa zinthu zina monga mungu, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena mpweya wozizira. Pa nthawi imeneyi, njira zanu zopumira zimachepa (bronchospasm), zimatupa ndikudzaza ndi mamina. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma kapena zimakupangitsani kutsokomola kapena kupuma movutikira. Popanda chithandizo, kutupa kumeneku kumatha kupha.

Anthu mamiliyoni ambiri ku US ndi padziko lonse lapansi ali ndi mphumu. Ingayambe ali mwana kapena kukula mukakula. Nthawi zina imatchedwa mphumu ya bronchial.

Mitundu ya mphumu ndi iyi:

Mphumu ya ziwengo:pamene ziwengo zimayambitsa zizindikiro za mphumu

Mphumu yosiyana ndi chifuwa:pamene chizindikiro chokhacho cha mphumu yanu ndi chifuwa

Mphumu yoyambitsidwa ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi: pamene kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumayambitsa zizindikiro za mphumu

Mphumu kuntchito:pamene zinthu zomwe mumapuma kuntchito zimakupangitsani kukhala ndi mphumu kapena kuyambitsa matenda a mphumu

Matenda a mphumu-COPD (ACOS):Ngati muli ndi mphumu komanso COPD (matenda osatha a m'mapapo)

Zizindikiro ndi Zomwe Zimayambitsa

Zizindikiro za mphumu ndi izi:

● Kupuma movutikira

● Kupuma movutikira

● Kulimba pachifuwa, kupweteka kapena kupanikizika

● Chifuwa

Nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi mphumu (mphumu yosalekeza). Kapena mungamve bwino pakati pa matenda a mphumu (mphumu yosalekeza).

Zimayambitsa mphumu

Akatswiri sakudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa mphumu. Koma mungakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu ngati:

● Khalani ndi ziwengo kapena eczema (atopy)

● Anali ndi poizoni, utsi kapena utsi wosuta womwe unagwiritsidwa ntchito kale kapena womwe unagwiritsidwa ntchito kale (zotsalira zomwe zinatsala atangoyamba kusuta), makamaka ali aang'ono.

● Ali ndi kholo lobadwa nalo lomwe lili ndi ziwengo kapena mphumu

● Anadwala matenda opatsirana mobwerezabwereza (monga RSV) ali mwana

Zoyambitsa mphumu

Zomwe zimayambitsa mphumu ndi chilichonse chomwe chimayambitsa zizindikiro za mphumu kapena kuzikulitsa. Mutha kukhala ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa mphumu. Zomwe zimayambitsa mphumu ndi izi:

Matenda a ziwengo: mungu, nthata za fumbi, dander ya ziweto, zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo zomwe zimauluka

Mpweya wozizira:makamaka m'nyengo yozizira

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi:makamaka kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri komanso masewera ozizira

Nkhungu: ngakhale mutaterosindili ndi ziwengo

Kukumana ndi mavuto kuntchito:utuchi, ufa, guluu, latex, zipangizo zomangira

Matenda opatsirana popuma:chimfine, chimfine ndi matenda ena opumira

Utsi:kusuta fodya, utsi wa anthu ena, utsi wa anthu ena

Kupsinjika maganizo: zakuthupi kapena zamaganizo

Mankhwala amphamvu kapena fungo: zonunkhira, zopaka misomali, zotsukira m'nyumba, zotsukira mpweya

Poizoni mumlengalenga:utsi wochokera ku fakitale, utsi wochokera m'galimoto, utsi wochokera ku moto wolusa

Zinthu zoyambitsa mphumu zimatha kuyambitsa matenda nthawi yomweyo. Kapena zingatenge maola kapena masiku kuti matendawa ayambe mutakumana ndi chinthu choyambitsa mphumu.

Kuzindikira ndi Kuyesa

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji mphumu? Dokotala wa ziwengo kapena katswiri wa mapapu amazindikira mphumu mwa kufunsa za zizindikiro zanu ndikuchita mayeso a mapapu. Amafunsa za mbiri yanu yachipatala komanso ya banja lanu. Zingakhale zothandiza kuwadziwitsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizindikiro za mphumu zikhale zoyipa komanso ngati pali chilichonse chomwe chimakuthandizani kuti mumve bwino.

Dokotala wanu angadziwe momwe mapapu anu akugwirira ntchito bwino ndikuchotsa matenda ena omwe angakhale nawo:

Kuyezetsa magazi ndi ziwengo kapena kuyezetsa khungu:Izi zitha kudziwa ngati vuto la chifuwa likukuyambitsani zizindikiro za mphumu.

Kuchuluka kwa magazi: Opereka chithandizo angayang'ane kuchuluka kwa eosinophil ndi immunoglobulin E (IgE) ndikuwayang'ana kuti akalandire chithandizo ngati atalandira chithandizo.'Zimakwera. Ma Eosinophils ndi IgE amatha kukwera mu mitundu ina ya mphumu.

Spirometry:Iyi ndi njira yodziwira momwe mpweya umayendera m'mapapo mwanu.

Kujambula pachifuwa X-ray kapena CT scan: Izi zingathandize dokotala wanu kupeza zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro zanu.

Choyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amatuluka:Izi zitha kuyeza kuchuluka kwa njira zanu zopumira mpweya zomwe zimaletsedwa panthawi ya zochitika zina.

Kasamalidwe ndi Chithandizo

Kodi njira yabwino kwambiri yothanirana ndi mphumu ndi iti? Njira yabwino kwambiri yothanirana ndi mphumu ndi kupewa zinthu zilizonse zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti mpweya wanu ukhale wotseguka. Dokotala wanu angakulembereni izi:

Zopumira zosamalira:Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi ma steroid opumira omwe amachepetsa kutupa. Nthawi zina, amaphatikizidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma bronchodilator (mankhwala omwe amatsegula njira zanu zopumira).

Chopumira chopulumutsa:Mankhwala opumira omwe amagwira ntchito mwachangu angathandize panthawi ya mphumu. Ali ndi bronchodilator yomwe imatsegula mwachangu njira zanu zopumira, monga albuterol.

Nebulizer: mankhwala ophera tizilomboMa nebulizer amapopera mankhwala ochulukirapo kudzera mu chigoba pankhope panu. Mungagwiritse ntchito nebulizer m'malo mwa inhaler pa mankhwala ena.

Zosintha za Leukotriene:Dokotala wanu angakulembereni piritsi tsiku lililonse kuti muchepetse zizindikiro za mphumu komanso chiopsezo chanu chotenga mphumu.

Ma steroid omwa:Dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala afupiafupi a steroid kuti muchepetse kutupa.

Chithandizo cha zamoyo: Mankhwala monga ma antibodies a monoclonal angathandize mphumu yoopsa.

Thermoplasty ya bronchial:Ngati njira zina zothandizira sizikugwira ntchito, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mugwiritse ntchito bronchial thermoplasty. Mu njira imeneyi, dokotala wa mapapo amagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kuti achepetse minofu yozungulira njira zanu zopumira.

Ndondomeko yochitira zinthu ndi mphumu

Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala wanu adzagwira nanu ntchito popanga dongosolo la zochita pa matenda a mphumu. Dongosololi limakuuzani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala anu komanso nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito. Limakuuzaninso zomwe mungachite mukakhala ndi zizindikiro zina komanso nthawi yoti mupeze chithandizo chadzidzidzi. Pemphani wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala wanu kuti akuthandizeni pa vutoli.